In this context of identification of biomarker candidates, our attention was focused on the abundance of proteins of the S100 family, namely S100A9 (Calgranulin B or MRP14) and S100A8 (Calgranulin A or MRP8) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from RA patients treated with methotrexate/etanercept (MTX/ETA) combination. This evidence concerns the gene S100A8 and rheumatoid arthritis.