VDR and cancer: In the present study, strong linkage disequilibrium was observed between the rs2228570 C allele and the rs11568820 G allele (D' = 0.943) and rs3782905 C allele (D' = 0.962) in the VDR gene, which was consistent with the results from Kaabachi et al. [39], suggesting that the three SNPs in the VDR gene may interact with each other and influence cancer risk.