In mice, genetic deficiency of either KLF2 or KLF4 in ApoE-/- mice (which develop atherosclerotic lesions when placed on high fat diet) enhances atherosclerosis, indicating an atheroprotective role for KLF2 and KLF4 (Atkins et al., 2008; Zhou et al., 2012). This evidence concerns the gene APOE and atherosclerosis.