[17-19] FGFR1 amplification has been frequently reported in lung squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC), small cell lung cancer, and SqCC of head and neck (SCCHN), for which smoking is a clear and dominant risk factor.[15, 16, 20-28] Overall, the frequency of FGFR1 amplification was reported to be 5.6%-24.8% in lung SqCC and 15%-17.4% in SCCHN, suggesting that this genetic alteration mainly target squamous cell histology.[16, 20-25, 27, 28] Furthermore, FGFR1 amplification has been associated with poor prognosis or unfavorable clinicopathologic parameters in lung SqCC and SCCHN. The gene discussed is FGFR1; the disease is squamous cell lung carcinoma.