In addition to treating major blinding diseases such as ischemia-induced retinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration (Stellmach et al., 2001; Semkova et al., 2002; Miyazaki et al., 2011), PEDF has been shown to inhibit the growth of a wide variety of cancer types including melanoma, neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, hepatoblastoma, Lewis lung carcinoma, chondrosarcoma, gastric carcinoma, glioma, Wilm's tumor, prostate cancer, and pancreatic cancer (Doll et al., 2003; Ek et al., 2006; Fernandez-Garcia et al., 2007; Broadhead et al., 2009). This evidence concerns the gene SERPINF1 and cancer.