Studies on rodents revealed an increased expression of P2X7 receptor in hippocampal neurons (granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus, CA1 region), the neocortex and in microglia observed after epileptic seizure (especially after status epilepticus), as well as its increased sensitivity to ATP, and as a consequence a rapid activation of microglial cells [19,23,34,35]. This evidence concerns the gene P2RX7 and status epilepticus.