As one example, cross-sectional data from the Heart and Soul Study, which recruited 887 patients with stable CAD and history of AMI, found an association between FGF-23 and left ventricular hypertrophy in individuals with estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73 m2, but not in participants with intact renal function [20]. Here, FGF23 is linked to left ventricular hypertrophy.