Further comparison with the fetal brains identified 2 of the 14 (14.2%) JPAs and 7 of the 17 (41.2%) GBMs that exhibited increased BMI1 expression (>1.5 fold of that in the fetal brains), a phenomenon that was not found in any of the 15 astrocytomas or the 5 ependymomas (Figure 1A). The gene discussed is BMI1; the disease is astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma).