Of these, 417 (112 nonsynonymous or splice-sites) were not called as somatic mutations in initial WGS analysis without considering RNA-Seq data, including several known driver genes such as CTNNB1 and TSC2. Many of the somatic mutations detected by this integrative analysis were confirmed by Sanger sequencing of cancer DNAs (74/83 = 89.1%), and some of the unconfirmed mutations may be below the detection limit of Sanger sequencing owing to their low clonal proportion. This evidence concerns the gene TSC2 and cancer.