In RA, MCP-1/CCL2 regulate up activation of normal T cell expression and secretion of (RANTES)/CCL5, growth-regulated oncogene α (GROα)/CXCL1 and IL-8/CXCL8, which are potent chemotactic agents constitutively produced by RA synovial fibroblasts and further up-regulated upon cytokine stimulation [54]. The gene discussed is CCL2; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.