OCA2 and albinism: One of the most common forms of albinism is caused by mutations in a highly conserved protein encoded by the oculocutaneous albinism II gene (OCA2) (Gardner et al., 1992; Rinchik et al., 1993; Rosemblat et al., 1994; Lee et al., 1994a; Sitaram et al., 2009) (Figure 1—figure supplement 1).