Gain-of-function mutations of the CaSR either cause autosomal dominant hypercalcemia (ADH), which is characterized by hypocalcemia and hypercalciuria, or BS type 5, which in addition is associated with renal salt wasting leading to hyperreninemia, hyperaldosteronism and hypokalemia [26], [27]. The gene discussed is CASR; the disease is Hypercalciuria.