TJP1 and viral encephalitis: Similarly, decreased intensity of ZO-1 immunolabeling has been observed in mouse and rat models of different pathological brain conditions, such as ischemia [65], traumatic injury [66], stroke [67], human encephalitis caused by HIV [54] and in invitro and invivo models of HIV [68], SIV [69], and human T-cell leukemia virus [70].