CREB1 and depressive symptom measurement: Apart from its role in learning and memory, CREB is known to modify the sensitivity to rewarding and aversive drugs within the Nucleus accumbens (Dinieri et al., 2009; Bilbao et al., 2014), resets the circadian clock by its phosphorylation at SER142 (Gau et al., 2002) and is upregulated in the hippocampus by chronic antidepressant treatment, linking Creb activity to the pathogenesis and therapy of depression and regulation of emotion (Gass and Riva, 2007).