TSC1 and tuberous sclerosis: Specifically, mutation of TSC1 in a subset of thalamic progenitor cells caused substantially greater neurological dysfunction, indicative of TSC-like pathology, if the mutation was made at mid-gestation (E12.5) vs. late gestation (E18.5) in an embryonic mouse model (Normand et al., 2013), and experiments in which subsets of NPCs were knocked-out for TSC1 in variable numbers using adenoviral-mediated Cre injection into the cerebral ventricles showed that the severity of resulting TSC-like pathology was dependent on the dose and serotype of the injected virus (Prabhakar et al., 2013).