MTOR and tuberous sclerosis: The therapeutic efficacy of Rapamycin, a molecular inhibitor of mTOR, in treating many of the manifestations in TSC and LAM (Franz et al., 2006; Bissler et al., 2008; Krueger et al., 2010; Micozkadioglu et al., 2010; Casanova et al., 2011; Dabora et al., 2011; DeKlotz et al., 2011; McCormack et al., 2011; Tiberio et al., 2011; Canpolat et al., 2014; Park et al., 2014) has established elevated mTOR signaling as a key feature driving these tumors.