GSK3B and major depressive disorder: As mentioned earlier, other clinical studies in which this GSK-3β gene polymorphism was estimated have shown a positive association between possessing the C allele and lithium therapeutic effects such as the quality of long-term prophylaxis of bipolar mood disorder (Benedetti et al. 2005; Lin et al. 2013), augmentation of antidepressants in treatment-resistant depression (Adli et al. 2007), or lithium-induced increase of white matter in bipolar patients (Benedetti et al. 2013).