PNPLA3 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Last, while the patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) SNP rs738409 has mainly been studied in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [13], studies in patients with CHC have shown an association with steatosis, fibrosis [14], [15], and HCC [15], [16], although data are conflicting [17].