Our prospective analysis of the population-based Casale Monferrato Study provides evidence that, in type 2 diabetic patients with moderately reduced renal function, the enhanced risk of CV mortality associated with eGFR is mainly explained by increased plasma values of NT-proBNP, which were strongly associated with mortality, even after multiple adjustments, including AER and CRP. Here, NPPB is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.