CD4 and HIV infectious disease: Acute HIV infection (AHI), defined here as the period between detectable HIV RNA viremia and reactive IgG enzyme immunoassay (EIA) antibody to HIV proteins [6], [7], is marked by peak viremia (>106 copies/mL), the rapid depletion of gastrointestinal CD4+T cells, followed by a deterioration of the mucosal epithelium and increased microbial translocation [8]–[10], which may not be restored despite prolonged ART [11], [12].