Nonetheless, under certain circumstances, autophagy can promote cell survival and avert apoptosis.22, 39 Recently, it has been demonstrated that BMP signaling contributed to mediate autophagy in cancer cells.40 In the present study, we elucidate that downregulating BMPR2 induces autophagy in chondrosarcoma cells via XIAP-Mdm2-p53 signal pathway. The gene discussed is MDM2; the disease is cancer.