In the current study we determined the levels of miR-146a and miR-155a in the serum of 56 Ecuadorian T2D patients and of 40 non-diabetic controls and associated the levels of these microRNAs to parameters of glucose control, dyslipidemia, obesity and the serum level of 12 T2D-related inflammatory mediators (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, NFG, HGF, PAI, Resistin, CCL2, Adiponectin, Leptin, IL-8, and CCL4) using a commercially available multi-analyte cytometric bead array system, especially developed for type 2 diabetes (Milliplex Map, U.S.A.). The gene discussed is RETN; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.