JAK2 and essential thrombocythemia: Previously, it was sometimes difficult to distinguish these disease from each other and from other MPNs including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), polycythaemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythaemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF) which have different molecular abnormalities including mutations in Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), calreticulin (CALR) and MPL proto-oncogene, thrombopoietin receptor (MPL).