GDF15 and cancer: Clinically, high GDF15 concentrations in effusions and tumor specimen of ovarian cancer patients correlate with poor overall survival and poor response to chemotherapy.11,12 Moreover, GDF15 overexpression has been described to be associated with resistance to various chemotherapeutic drugs, for example, cisplatin, docetaxel, and mitoxantrone in other cancer types.29–32 Our study shows for the first time that basal high GDF15 expression is associated with a carboplatin-resistant phenotype in ovarian cancer.