MES-induced phosphorylation of AMPKα was also observed in human hepatocyte HepG2 cell and in mouse primary skeletal muscle cell (Fig. 5C–D), but not in cell lines lacking LKB1 such as human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells and lung carcinoma A549 cells (Fig. 5C) [28], [29]. The gene discussed is STK11; the disease is lung carcinoma.