Mean M-CSF concentrations were 5.2 pg/mL (± 0.75) and 12 pg/mL (± 2.7) (P = 0.0067) whereas GM-CSF mean concentrations were 14 (± 2.7) pg/mL and 75.8 (± 23.3) pg/mL (P = 0.0011) in the OA and RA group, respectively. Here, CSF2 is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.