Since the expression of the hTERT gene and the activation of telomerase are primarily regulated at the transcriptional level [14], we next confirmed the role of RFPL3 in regulating the transcription of hTERT by evaluating the effect of RFPL3 on endogenous hTERT mRNA and protein expression and telomerase activity in normal lung cell lines and lung cancer cell lines. The gene discussed is RFPL3; the disease is lung cancer.