By now, these data have been complemented by remarkable clinical results obtained with strategies that aim to mobilize the tumor-reactivity of autologous T cells in cancer patients, either by the adoptive transfer of ex vivo expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) (7, 8) or the infusion of monoclonal antibodies that stimulate T cell activity, such as the recently approved anti-CTLA4 antibody Ipilimumab (9, 10). Here, CTLA4 is linked to neoplasm.