Additionally, aberrant accumulation in the cytoplasm of unprocessed RNA Pol III transcripts, Dicer products with 3′-overhangs or of miRNAs tagged for degradation by 3′-polyuridylation (40,41) could promote OAS1-mediated translational regulation and represent other contexts in which the 3′-ssPy might be important outside of infection. Here, OAS1 is linked to infection.