IL6 and Sepsis: Several lines of evidence led us to hypothesize that KSHV reactivation may be involved in sepsis: first, some patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus and KSHV but without multicentric Castleman's disease develop SIRS;15 second, latent KSHV infection increases vascular permeability;16 third, KSHV encodes miRNAs that increase IL-6 and IL-10 secretion by leukocytes and macrophages;17 and fourth KSHV mainly infects endothelial cells and B lymphocytes, which express multiple TLRs.