Taken together, we conclude from these findings that i) PIAS1 is over-expressed in local and metastatic PCa; ii) PIAS1 expression is further induced in prostate tumors after chemotherapeutic treatment with docetaxel; and iii) PCa cells, which survive docetaxel treatment, have significantly elevated PIAS1 levels in vitro, thereby suggesting an essential role for PIAS1 during PCa progression and therapy resistance. Here, PIAS1 is linked to prostate neoplasm.