IL4 and Hepatic fibrosis: In summary, this study demonstrates: (i) beneficial effects of norUDCA on granuloma size and hepatic fibrosis, (ii) anti-inflammatory properties of norUDCA directed to MHC class II protein expression on dendritic cells and macrophages, and (iii) direct anti-fibrotic effects of norUDCA by reduced T-lymphocyte proliferation and finally reduced serum levels of IL-13 and IL-4.