In familial Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease associated with P102L mutation, the presence of 8-kDa PK-resistant PrP peptide correlated with the presence of the amyloid plaques and/or of the PrP plaque-like deposits [27]. The gene discussed is PRNP; the disease is Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome.