TLR3- and IRF-3- positive cell number and staining intensity was variable within the tumours but generally higher in PCa than in normal prostate gland (namely 68% versus 43% TLR3-positive cells and 83% versus 46% IRF-3-positive cells); moreover, the percentage of positive cells was found to significantly increase with the worsening of the tumour grade. Here, TLR3 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.