In support of the concept that STAT1 is a tumor suppressor in ESCC, we found that STAT1 expression is commonly lower in ESCC tumors (67 of 131, 51.1%), as compared to case-matched normal tissue; importantly, a relatively low level of STAT1 expression in ESCC was found to be significantly correlated with a worse clinical outcome, tumor invasion and tumor size [3]. The gene discussed is STAT1; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.