Multivariate analysis identified the following factors as independent predictors for poor OS: DM, serum AFP level ≥400 ng/ml, serum albumin level <35 g/L, serum GGT level ≥50 U/L, incomplete tumor capsule, macrovascular invasion, tumor size ≥10 cm, tumor number ≥3, and poor degree of tumor cell differentiation (Table 3). This evidence concerns the gene AFP and neoplasm.