PAX3 is activated by PI3 K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) [71] and STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) [72] in melanoma cells, and a negative PAX3-dependent regulation of MITF expression is mediated by BRN2 encoded by POU3F2 [21, 71]. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and melanoma.