PON1 and atherosclerosis: One of those antioxidant enzymes is paraoxonase (PON1) which is associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL); PON1 was shown to protect lipoproteins, HDL, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), from oxidation [5] which has been accepted to play a pivotal role in the development of atherosclerosis [6–8].