Both AR agonists decreased the level of HIF-1α transcription at 7 days of treatment, consistent with the data in literature, showing that silencing the HIF-1α gene resulted in the inhibition of GBM tumour growth, by both inhibiting the rate of tumour cell migration/invasion50 and inducting CSC differentiation.51, 52 The A2BAR ligand did not affect the level of HIF-2α mRNA at the time points used in this study. Here, AR is linked to glioblastoma.