TNF-induced IEC apoptosis and detachment in mice is mediated through TNFR1 and is independent of TNFR2 and p53.62 Following acute TNF administration, epithelial-specific expression of TNFR1 is necessary to induce apoptosis and shedding,66 rather than indirect vascular dysfunction causing ischemia/ischemia-reperfusion injury. This evidence concerns the gene TNFRSF1A and ischemia.