KARS1 and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease: Mutations in cytoplasmic glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GlyRS), tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS), lysyl-tRNA synthetase (LysRS) and alanyl-tRNA synthetase (AlaRS) have been shown to be associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, one of the most common inherited neurological disorders6, 7, 8, 9.