ESR1 and neoplasm: High AMPKα expression was significantly associated with smaller tumour size (χ2=3.97, d.f.=1, P=0.046), low grade (χ2=28.338, d.f.=2, P=0.000001), low Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) score (χ2=18.84, d.f.=2, P=0.000081) and estrogen receptor (ER) positive status (χ2=38.69, d.f.=1, P<0.000001).