In conclusion, our results showed that almost half of the patients with metastatic or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix had PIK3CA mutation and/or PTEN loss/mutation without coexisting KRAS mutation, providing an appropriate patient population to the test efficacy of a regimen including a single agent targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway or a combination regimen with either another biologically targeted agent and/or conventional chemotherapeutic agent. The gene discussed is PIK3CA; the disease is squamous cell carcinoma.