Nowadays, there is a growing body of evidence that AT is a dynamic endocrine organ that releases several bioactive substances, secreted by adipocytes and adipose-resident macrophages, including some pro-inflammatory cytokines, in common with inflammatory diseases such as RA, like TNF-α and IL-6, and specific cytokines, termed “adipokines,” most of which with pro-inflammatory properties accounting for a chronic low-grade systemic inflammation. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.