Interestingly, there is particularly abundant evidence of HIF-independent interaction partners and functions for PHD3 (refs 10, 11, 45, 46, 47, 48) including the regulation of the candidate tumour suppressor KIF1Bβ35, as well as the stress response protein and transcription factor ATF4 (ref. 8). The gene discussed is ATF4; the disease is neoplasm.