Likewise, NTs are detected in other bronchial smooth muscle cells during asthma [16] or sarcoidosis [17] and their relationship with inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and interferon (IFN)-γ has been established by the induction of NGF, and BDNF mRNA expression and secretion in cell-culture supernatants [18,19]. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is asthma.