Recent studies showed that ERK activity was significantly higher in lungs of asthmatic mice than in those of normal controls [43], and that its inhibition had anti-inflammatory effects in OVA-induced mice, leading to reduced production of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, as well as decreased airway mucus production and airway hyperresponsiveness [31]. The gene discussed is IL5; the disease is airway hyperresponsiveness.