Course and outcome of both human and experimental blood-stage malaria critically depend on a finely tuned balance between both pro-inflammatory cytokines, as, e.g., IL-1β, TNFα, IFNγ, IL-6, and IL-12, and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-10 (Bakir et al., 2011; Perkins et al., 2011). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is malaria.