By comparing this to our results, the incidence of EML4-ALK translocation in Chinese male patients with NSCLC is significantly higher (p < 0.048 by one-tailed Fisher’s exact) in never-smokers (8/95 or 8.42%) than in all male patients regardless of smoking history (14/407 or 3.44%). This evidence concerns the gene ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma.