Moreover, upon MGCD treatment, H9-shHDAC3 cells and H9-shSMRT cells showed a further increase in neurosphere formation during differentiation (the lower panels of Figure 7E and F) and an up-regulation in transcripts of PAX6, SOX2 and NESTIN, but a down-regulation in transcript of GATA6 (Figure 7G and H), implying that the inhibitor treatment and knockdown of the repressors might have a synergistic effect on NPC generation. Here, NES is linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.