Inflammation of the adipose tissue is considered a key factor in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and β-cell potential autoinflammation impairs insulin secretion in diabetes. HP-induced gastritis can affect the secretion of gastric-related hormones such as leptin and ghrelin, as well as gastrin and somatostatin, which may influence a predisposition to diabetes [27, 28]. Here, LEP is linked to diabetes mellitus.